## Entering PPS hospital data

Follow the procedure in this section to create a new PPS survey for each defined hospital, entering information from Form H. Before you can create your survey, you must define your hospital and wards.

To create a hospital Point Prevalence Survey:

1. Click Hospital surveys in the PPS main menu.

The Hospital survey form opens (for the hospital you have selected).

2. If not already open, click the Form H1 tab.

3. In the Form H1 tab, click the Add item icon to open the form for editing.

4. Enter the values for the fields in the Form H1 tab.

Note that the Incl. wards / Total options (for included wards only OR for hospital total) are required fields.

5. Click the Save icon or press Ctrl+S.

6. Enter the values for the fields in the Form H2 and Form H3 tabs, and save.

Descriptions of the variables for Hospital survey tabs Form H1, 2, and 3 are given in Table 18. If any mandatory or required data field is empty when you save, e.g. because you do not yet have the data, an error and/or warning message is shown and the field label is highlighted as a reminder - in red for a mandatory field (you cannot save) or blue for a required field. See Understanding reported errors.

Table 18: PPS Hospital survey tabs (Form H1, 2 and 3) variables

Variable | Description
Form H1 tab
Hospital code * | The hospital identifier/code assigned by national/regional PPS coordinating centre; unique code per surveillance/PPS network. Hospital codes should be unique within each surveillance network, and kept constant between the ECDC Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare-Associated Infection (ARHAI) surveillance protocols and from one year to the next. Inserted automatically based on the hospital selected during Hospital definition.
PPS protocol * | Select either Standard, Light or Validation. Note that you cannot add Light protocol data records to a PPS data collection defined to use the Standard protocol, or vice versa. If the current survey or surveillance year is a validation study performed by a validation team, Validation should be selected to indicate that this is not a primary data collection but a repeated data collection for validation purposes of the primary PPS data. Selecting Validation will change the messages on data entry for the entire application, especially for the variables displayed on the Validation tabs at different levels (see Validation tab below). Warning: You cannot change the PPS protocol after you have saved it.
Survey start date * | Start and end dates for the PPS in the entire hospital. Warning: You cannot change the Survey start date after you have saved it. If you save without having selected the correct Survey start date, today’s date is applied by default. Before saving, make sure that the start date of the hospital PPS is earlier than any ward survey date. If you need to change the survey start date, you will have to contact your national or regional PPS co-ordinator.
Survey end date | The date the last data were collected in the last ward. You can enter the Survey end date at a later time.
Hospital size * | Total number of beds in the hospital. If, for reasons of confidentiality, the exact number of hospital beds cannot be given, please enter the number of beds rounded up to the nearest 50.
Number of acute care beds | Number of acute care beds in the hospital (according to national definition).
Number of ICU beds | Number of intensive care unit beds in the hospital. No ICU=0.
Exclusion of wards for PPS? | Were any wards excluded for the PPS in your hospital? Yes/No.
Specify excluded wards | Specify which wards where excluded, if any. Free text; please use specialty codes if possible.
Total number of beds in included wards * | Sum of the number of beds in wards that were included in the PPS.
Total number of patients included in PPS * | Sum of the number of patients included in the PPS.
Hospital type | Hospital type – PRIM: primary, SEC: secondary, TERT: tertiary, SPEC: specialised, missing=UNK. See Hospital types.
Specialisation of hospital | Free text. Indicate the hospital specialty for a specialised hospital (e.g. paediatric, infectious diseases, etc.); please use specialty codes if possible.
Hospital ownership | Hospital ownership as defined by WHO/Europe [7], Eurostat [8] and OECD [9]: PUB: Public, PRIVNFP: Private, not-for-profit, PRIVFP: Private, for-profit, OTHUNK: Other or unknown. See protocol for definitions.
Is hospital part of AHG? | The hospital is part of an administrative group of hospitals (AHG, also referred to as hospital "trust", "merger", "fusion", "board", "region" etc.). Yes/No.
Data apply to | If the hospital is part of an AHG, data apply to a single hospital (hospital with a single address, or a hospital site belonging to a trust) (S) OR a group of hospitals (including entities referred to as ‘trusts’ or ‘chain’) (T).
N of beds AHG | Total number of beds of the administrative hospital group.
AHG code |
Acute care | Total number of acute care beds of the administrative hospital group.
AHG type | If hospital is part of AHG, what is the hospital type of the administrative group: PRIM: primary, SEC: secondary, TERT: tertiary, SPEC: specialised (see above for definition of hospital type).
Incl. wards / Total * | Included wards only OR total for hospital. Select INC or TOT in the drop-down lists.
Number of discharges/ admissions * | Number of hospital discharges in a given year (data from previous year if available, specify year in second column), use number of admissions if discharges are not available. Provide the number for the included wards only (if not available, provide number for entire hospital; specify ‘included wards only OR total for hospital’ in last column).
Number of patient-days * | Number of hospital patient-days in a given year (data from previous year if available, specify year in second column). Provide data for the same year and wards (included wards only OR total for hospital) as for the number of discharges/admissions.
Alcoholic hand rub consumption * | Total number of litres of alcoholic hand rub used in a given year (data from previous year if available, specify year in second column); provide the number for the included wards only (if available, otherwise provide number for the entire hospital; specify ‘included wards only OR total for hospital’ in last column).
Number of observed hand hygiene opportunities | Number of observed hand hygiene opportunities performed in the previous year if available (or the most recently available year). Report the total number of observed opportunities for hand hygiene, not only the compliant observations.
Number of blood cultures per year | Number of inpatient blood culture sets tested by the microbiological laboratory for the current hospital in a period of one year. Provide data for previous year or the most recently available data (specify year data in a separate variable). If the number of blood culture sets is not directly available, estimate by the [total number of blood culture bottles processed] divided by the [total number of bottles per blood culture request]. Count all blood culture tests per patient, not the number of patients for whom >=1 test was performed. Count the number of blood culture sets actually processed by the laboratory, not the number sent to the laboratory for analysis.
Number of stool tests for CDI per year | Number of inpatient stool tests performed for Clostridium difficile infections (CDI) per year. Provide data for previous year or the most recently available data (specify year data in a separate variable). Count all stool specimens per patient, not the number of patients for whom >=1 test was performed. Count the number of stool specimens actually processed by the laboratory, not the number sent to the laboratory for analysis.
Number of FTE infection control nurses | Number of full-time equivalent (FTE) infection control nurses in the hospital; infection control nurse=nurse with specialised training in infection control/hospital hygiene and usually responsible for infection control/hospital hygiene tasks such as training of hospital employees in infection control, elaboration and implementation of infection control procedures, management (implementation, follow-up, evaluation) of an infection control work plan and projects, audits and evaluation of performance, procedures for disinfection of medical devices etc. (see TRICE project report). Specify year of data collection (current year if available) and whether the number of FTE infection control nurses is provided for the entire hospital or only for the included wards.
Number of FTE infection control doctors | Number of full-time equivalent (FTE) infection control doctors (or pharmacists, hospital epidemiologists, etc.) in the hospital with specialised training in infection control/hospital hygiene and usually responsible for infection control/hospital hygiene tasks such as identification and investigation of outbreaks, analysis and feedback of infection control data, elaboration of an infection control work plan and projects, design and management of surveillance systems, elaboration of infection control procedures etc. (see TRICE project report). Please ensure that the reported number was collected for the same year and wards (included wards only OR total for hospital) as the number of FTE infection control nurses.
Number of FTE antimicrobial stewardship | Number of full-time equivalent (FTE) antimicrobial stewardship consultants in hospital. FTE antimicrobial stewardship = dedicated time of an (‘external’) consultant employed by the hospital and specifically paid for antimicrobial stewardship tasks, NOT the time spent by treating physicians on antimicrobial stewardship activities (e.g. post-prescription review) as part of their daily practice. Deduct FTE from FTE infection control doctor if same person: in case antimicrobial stewardship tasks are an integral part of the job description/daily activities of the infection control doctor (or equivalent), the estimated FTE (proportion of his/her time) spent on antimicrobial stewardship activities should be deduced from the FTE infection control doctors and be reported separately.
Number of FTE registered nurses | Number of full-time equivalent (FTE) registered (graduated, qualified) nurses in hospital. A ‘registered nurse’ is a nurse who has graduated from a college’s nursing program or from a school of nursing and has passed a national licensing exam to obtain a nursing license. Also include ‘agency nurses’, ‘bank nurses’, ‘interim nurses’ or other registered nurses who are not permanently employed for that position in the hospital. Students are not included. Provide current situation if possible, or the situation for the earliest available year (specify year) and specify if the number of FTEs is given for the entire hospital or for the included wards only.
Number of FTE nursing assistants | Number of full-time equivalent (FTE) nursing assistants in hospital. A ‘nursing assistant’ is also referred to as ‘nurses’ aide’, ‘healthcare assistant’, ‘nursing auxiliary’, ‘auxiliary nurse’, ‘patient care assistant’ or similar terms. Also include nursing assistants who are not permanently employed for that position in the hospital. Students are not included. Provide current situation if possible, or the situation for the earliest available year (specify year) and specify if the number of FTEs is given for the entire hospital or for the included wards only.
Number of FTE registered nurses in ICU | Number of full-time equivalent registered (graduated, qualified) nurses in intensive care unit(s). See also above.
Number of FTE nursing assistants in ICU | Number of full-time equivalent nursing assistants in intensive care unit(s). See also above.
Number of airborne infection isolation rooms | Number of airborne infection isolation rooms in the hospital. An airborne infection isolation room is defined as a hospital room provided with negative pressure and an anteroom.
Form H2 tab
Annual IPC plan | Is there an annual infection prevention and control (IPC) plan and if so, was it approved by the hospital Chief Executive Officer (CEO, Managing Director) or by a senior executive officer? Yes/No/Unknown.
Annual IPC report | Is there an annual infection prevention and control (IPC) report and if so, was it approved by the hospital Chief Executive Officer (CEO, Managing Director) or by a senior executive officer? Yes/No/Unknown.
Does your hospital have a multimodal strategy for the prevention of following infections? | Indicate for each of the main HAI types and for antimicrobial stewardship which components of a multimodal strategy are available at the hospital-wide level and specifically in intensive care (presence in at least one adult, paediatric or neonatal ICU). Each cell of the table is a Yes/No/Unknown variable (28 variables for ICU + 35 variables hospital-wide/other non-ICU wards): mark Y=Yes, N=No or U=Unknown or not assessed in each cell. A multimodal strategy is defined as an intervention aiming at improving practice and offering education and training at multiple levels (e.g. written information, leaflets, posters, bedside teaching, workshops, focus groups, knowledge tests, competency assessments, surveillance and feedback, audits, checklists, care bundles). The strategy must be rooted in written guidelines. Simple information sessions (e.g. for new staff), updating guidelines, or target setting alone (even if communicated to staff but without combining it with education and training) are not multimodal strategies.
Participation in surveillance networks | Indicate (Yes/No) if your hospital participates in a national or regional surveillance network for each of following surveillance modules: surveillance of surgical site infections (SSI), surveillance of HAIs in intensive care (ICU), surveillance of C. difficile infections (CDI), surveillance of antimicrobial resistance according to the EARS-Net protocol (surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in invasive isolates of S. pneumonia, S. aureus, Enterococcus spp., E. coli, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and/or A. baumannii), surveillance of antimicrobial consumption in the hospital (surveillance at 5th ATC level in defined daily dose (DDD) per 1 000 patient-days) and other HAI or AMR surveillance modules (national/regional protocols for which a European/ECDC protocol does not exist). Local surveillance without transmission of data to a national or regional surveillance coordination centre for comparative analysis and feedback is not sufficient.
Microbiology/ diagnostic performance | Indicate whether clinicians can request routine microbiological tests and receive back results during weekends. Report yes/no/unknown separately for Saturdays and Sundays for clinical tests and screening tests respectively.
Comments | Free text field for additional information.
Form H3 tab
Number of beds with AHR dispensers at point of care | Number of beds in the hospital with alcohol hand rub (AHR) dispensers available at the point of care as recommended by the 2009 WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care. AHR dispensers at the entrance of the patient room only are NOT considered as ‘available at the point of care’. The ‘point of care’ is the place where three elements come together: the patient, the HCW, and care or treatment involving contact with the patient or his/her surroundings (within the patient zone). The concept embraces the need to perform hand hygiene at recommended moments exactly where care delivery takes place. This requires that a hand hygiene product (e.g. alcohol-based hand rub, if available) be easily accessible and as close as possible – within arm’s reach of where patient care or treatment is taking place. Point-of-care products should be accessible without having to leave the patient zone. Dispensers available at the point of care that happen to be empty on the PPS day should be included.
Number of beds assessed for the presence of AHR dispensers | The denominator of the previous variable, i.e. the total number of beds for which the presence of alcohol hand rub dispensers at the point of care was checked. If all wards were assessed, then this number is in principle the same as the total number of hospital beds.
Total number of patient rooms | Total number of rooms in included wards or total for hospital. Data from current year if available, specify year in second column; provide the number for the included wards only (if available, otherwise provide number for the entire hospital; specify ‘included wards only OR total for hospital’ in last column).
Number of single patient rooms | Total number of single-bed rooms in included wards OR total for hospital. Please ensure that the number of single patient rooms was collected for the same year and wards (included wards only OR total for hospital) as the total number of patient rooms. Rooms with more than one bed that are designated for use as single occupancy and isolation rooms (e.g. for infection control purposes) should be included.
Number of single patient rooms with individual toilet and shower | Total number of single-bed rooms with individual toilet and shower in included wards OR total for hospital. Please ensure that the number was collected for the same year and wards (included wards only OR total for hospital) as the total number of patient rooms. Rooms with more than one bed that are designated for use as single occupancy and isolation rooms (e.g. for infection control purposes) should be included. Rooms which have toilet and shower in a communal area should not be counted. An individual toilet alone or a commode (toilet chair) is not sufficient to qualify for this indicator.
Number of beds occupied at 00:01 on the day of the PPS | Number of hospital beds occupied at midnight on the day of the PPS. Since the PPS usually takes several days for an entire hospital, this variable can be measured on a day in the middle of the PPS data collection period, but not during the weekends.
Number of beds assessed for occupancy at 00:01 on the day of PPS | Number of hospital beds that were checked for occupancy at midnight on the day of the PPS. Denominator of the previous variable. If occupancy was checked for all beds, this variable normally equals the total number of beds in the hospital.
Do healthcare workers carry AHR dispensers? | Percentage of healthcare workers in hospital that carry alcohol hand rub dispensers. In your hospital, do healthcare workers (HCW) carry AHR dispensers (e.g. in their pockets)? (If yes, please estimate percentage). Zero=0% Q0; >0-25% Q1; >25-50% Q2; >50-75% Q3; 75-100% Q4; Yes, percentage unknown YES; Unknown.
Is there a formal procedure to review antimicrobial within 72 hours? | Is there a formal procedure for a post-prescription review? I.e. to review the appropriateness of an antimicrobial within 72 hours (three calendar days) from the initial order in the hospital? A formal post-prescription review procedure should be documented and adopted by the hospital management and should be performed by a person or team other than the treating physician. The procedure should at least address the prescription of broad-spectrum or reserve antimicrobials. Choose one answer. YESALL = Yes, in all wards; YESSEL = Yes, in selected wards only (usually, but not necessarily, including ICU); YESICU = Yes, in ICU only; NO = No; UNK=Unknown.

Further hospital data can be recorded in the Form H2 and H3 tabs. The fields are described in Table 18. If any mandatory or required data field is empty when you save, e.g. because you do not yet have the data, an error and/or warning message is shown and the field label is highlighted as a reminder - in red for a mandatory field (you cannot save) or blue for a required field. See Understanding reported errors.

Figure 7: Hospital survey Form H2 tab

Figure 8: Hospital survey Form H3 tab

More:

Validation tab

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